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Exile Case

Here you will find information about an individual exile case and links which enable you to view exile locations on a map as well as visualise the relationships between people and groups using a network diagram.
Person/Group Athanasius ( view the social network for this person / group )
Exile Date 18/3/339 - 21/10/346 (from: 18/3/339 to: 21/10/346)
Sources TRE, s.v. Athanasius Athanasius, apologia ad Constantium Athanasius, apologia secunda Athanasius, indices epistularum festialium 17 (SC) Socrates, Historia ecclesiastica, 4.23

Locations view exile locations

Location of exile's previous office Alexandria [Alexandria]
Location exiled from Alexandria [Alexandria]
Location exiled to
Location(s) arrived at Roma [Rome]
Date of arrival 18/3/339 (from: 18/3/339 to: --/--/--)
Relationship to location unknown
Type of location city
Reason for leaving
   
Location(s) arrived at Aquileia [Aquileia]
Date of arrival 345 (from: --/--/345 to: --/--/--)
Relationship to location alien place
Type of location city
Reason for leaving recalled
   
Location(s) arrived at Serdica [Sofia]
Date of arrival 343 (from: --/--/343 to: --/--/--)
Relationship to location alien place
Type of location city
Reason for leaving
   
Location(s) arrived at Naissus [Niš]
Date of arrival 4/344 (from: --/4/344 to: --/--/--)
Relationship to location alien place
Type of location city
Reason for leaving
Location(s) exile returned to Alexandria [Alexandria]
Location of office after return Alexandria [Alexandria]

Activities in Exile

Activities Related to Doctrine his speeches against the Arians show Marcellian influence, he prepares synod of Serdica and attends a synod in Naissus
Died in exile? no
Reason for death
Writings in Exile yes
   
Title of writing Contra Arianos 1-2
Genre speech
Extant? yes
Notes Contra Arianos 3 may have been written during this time as well.
   

Legal details

Threat only no
Refuge from judicial proceedings yes
Consequence of asylum no
Offenses exiled for/accused of
Legal type of exile unknown
Additional punishments
Intended duration unknown
Actual duration seven years
Returned? yes
Reason for return recalled
Deposed by synod? no
Synod deposed by
Returned by synod? no
Synod returned by

Religious status, office and affiliation

Religious status before exile clerical
Religious status during exile ??
Religious status after return clerical
Clerical or ascetic office before exile bishop
Clerical or ascetic office during exile
Clerical or ascetic office after return bishop
Enforced rank change? n/a
Religious affiliation before exile
Religious affiliation during exile
Religious affiliation after return
Died in exile? no

Cult

Venerated as a saint? Yes
Date Date: Unknown
Cult site
Relics

Exile Relationships: Interactions

    Gregorius of Cappadocia

  • Interaction Date 18/3/339 (from: 18/3/339 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Alexandria [Alexandria]
    Office Bishop
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) cleric
    Relationship Quality conflict
    Notes
    Successor in post
    Yes

    • Eutropia

  • Interaction Date c. 339 (from: --/--/339 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Roma [Rome]
    Office
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) lay
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes Athanasius, apologia ad Constantium 6
    Host
    Yes

    • servant woman

  • Interaction Date c. 339 (from: --/--/339 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location
    Office
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) lay
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes Soz. HE 4.10 mentions her as having betrayed to the authorities Athanasius while hiding, probably referring to Athanasius' exile in 339 (in Rome?) because he mentions the exile under Constans. Susanna Elm, Virgins of God, p. 357 n. 70, however, argues that it was in Alexandria because the story is similar to his exile in c. 357.
    Other Interaction Type
    Yes (betrayal to authorities)

    • Isidorus (presbyter)

  • Interaction Date c. 339 (from: --/--/339 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Roma [Rome]
    Office presbyter
    Notes Office head of community of virgins.
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) ascetic
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes head of community of virgins.Palladius, Lausiac History 1.4 writes how Isidore when in Rome was acquainted with the entire Roman senate and all their wives.
    Companion
    Yes

    • Sperantius

  • Interaction Date c. 339 (from: --/--/339 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Roma [Rome]
    Office
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) lay
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes Athanasius, apologia ad Constantium 6
    Host
    Yes

    • Abutherius

  • Interaction Date c. 339 (from: --/--/339 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Roma [Rome]
    Office
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) lay
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes Athanasius, apologia ad Constantium 6
    Host
    Yes

    • Ammonius

  • Interaction Date (from: --/--/339 to: --/--/342)
    Interaction Location Roma [Rome]
    Office
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile) Nicaean
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) ascetic
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes Ammonius had no time for the sights of Rome, but just visited the memoriae of Peter and Paul (Socrates, Historia ecclesiastica, 4.23)
    Companion
    Yes

    • Marcella

  • Interaction Date between 339 and 343 (from: --/--/339 to: --/--/343)
    Interaction Location Roma [Rome]
    Office
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) lay
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes Marcella heard about monastic life and the Life of AntonyMarcella first embraced ascetic lifestyle in the west
    Host
    Yes

    • Vitus

  • Interaction Date 341 (from: --/--/341 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Roma [Rome]
    Office presbyter
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) cleric
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes
    Other Interaction Type
    Yes (host of assembly)

    • Flavius Iulius Constans

  • Interaction Date 342 (from: --/--/342 to: --/--/342)
    Interaction Location Mediolan(i)um [Milan]
    Office Emperor
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) lay
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes visit end of 342 in Milan
    Host
    Yes

    • Osius of Cordoba

  • Interaction Date c. June 343 (from: --/6/343 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Col. Augusta Treverorum [Trier]
    Office Bishop
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) cleric
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes preparation for synod of SerdicaApologia ad Constantium 3-4
    Visitor
    Yes

    • Flavius Iulius Constans

  • Interaction Date June 343 (from: --/6/343 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Col. Augusta Treverorum [Trier]
    Office Emperor
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) lay
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes preparation for synod of Serdica
    Host
    Yes

    • Ammonius

  • Interaction Date 343 (from: --/--/343 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Serdica [Sofia]
    Office Bishop
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) cleric
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes signed letter confirming innocence of Athanasius at council of Sardica
    Responsible for return
    Yes

    • Iulius of Rome

  • Interaction Date 344? (from: --/--/344 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Roma [Rome]
    Office Bishop of Rome
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) cleric
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes Julius issues recommendation letter
    Person/group appealed to Responsible for return
    Yes Yes

    • Lucius of Adrianopolis

  • Interaction Date 344? (from: --/--/344 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Roma [Rome]
    Office
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) cleric
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes According to T. Barnes (Athanasius and Constantius, 2001, p. 201) this may not be historical.
    Companion
    Yes

    • Marcellus of Ancyra

  • Interaction Date 344? (from: --/--/344 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Roma [Rome]
    Office
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) cleric
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes According to T. Barnes (Athanasius and Constantius, 2001, p. 201) this may not be historical.
    Companion
    Yes

    • Asclepas of Gaza

  • Interaction Date 344? (from: --/--/344 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Roma [Rome]
    Office
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) cleric
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes According to T. Barnes (Athanasius and Constantius, 2001, p. 201) this may not be historical.
    Companion
    Yes

    • Osius of Cordoba

  • Interaction Date easter 345 (from: --/--/345 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Aquileia [Aquileia]
    Office Bishop
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) cleric
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes Apologia ad Constantium 3-4
    Visitor
    Yes

    • Flavius Eugenius

  • Interaction Date easter 345 (from: --/--/345 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Aquileia [Aquileia]
    Office magister officiorum
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) lay
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes Apologia ad Constantium 3
    Person/group appealed to
    Yes

    • Vicentius of Capua

  • Interaction Date easter 345 (from: --/--/345 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Aquileia [Aquileia]
    Office Bishop
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) cleric
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes Apologia ad Constantium 3
    Person/group appealed to
    Yes

    • Dionysius of Elis

  • Interaction Date easter 345 (from: --/--/345 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Aquileia [Aquileia]
    Office Bishop
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) cleric
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes Apologia ad Constantium 3
    Visitor
    Yes

    • Lucillus of Verona

  • Interaction Date easter 345 (from: --/--/345 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Aquileia [Aquileia]
    Office Bishop
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) cleric
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes Apologia ad Constantium 3
    Visitor
    Yes

    • Fortunatianus of Aquileia

  • Interaction Date easter 345 (from: --/--/345 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Aquileia [Aquileia]
    Office Bishop
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) cleric
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes Apologia ad Constantium 3
    Person/group appealed to
    Yes

    • Flavius Iulius Constans

  • Interaction Date 345 (from: --/--/345 to: --/--/345)
    Interaction Location Aquileia [Aquileia]
    Office Emperor
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) lay
    Relationship Quality
    Notes Athanasius visits Constans at Easter 345 in Aquileia
    Host
    Yes

    • bishops in Egypt, Lybia and Alexandria

  • Interaction Date 346 (from: --/--/346 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location
    Office Bishop
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) lay
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes Historia Arianorum 25
    Host
    Yes

    • Constantius II

  • Interaction Date 345-6 (from: --/--/346 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location
    Office Emperor
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) lay
    Relationship Quality support?
    Notes Apologia ad Constantium 2 Apologia secunda 54-6 Historia Arianorum 21, 23
    Correspondent Responsible for return
    Yes (writer of letter) Yes

    • Flavius Iulius Constans

  • Interaction Date 346 (from: --/--/346 to: --/--/346)
    Interaction Location
    Office Emperor
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) lay
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes
    Responsible for return
    Yes

    • Maximinus of Trier

  • Interaction Date c. 357 (from: --/--/357 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location
    Office
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) cleric
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes Apologia ad Constantium 4
    Person/group appealed to
    Yes

    • Maximinus of Trier

  • Interaction Date c. June 363 (from: --/6/363 to: --/--/--)
    Interaction Location Col. Augusta Treverorum [Trier]
    Office Bishop
    Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
    Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile) cleric
    Relationship Quality support
    Notes preparation for synod of SerdicaApologia ad Constantium 4
    Visitor
    Yes

Other Relationships: Contacts of an exiled Person/Group's contacts'

    Person 1 Constantius II
    Person 2 Flavius Iulius Constans
    Date 346 (from: --/--/346 to: --/--/--)
    Relationship Quality conflict
    Notes possible that Constans threatened Constantius with war unless he allowed Athanasius to return
    Person 1 Flavius Iulius Constans
    Person 2 Ammonius
    Date 343 (from: --/--/343 to: --/--/--)
    Relationship Quality support?
    Notes the emperors summon Ammonius to the council of Serdica
    Person 1 Constantius II
    Person 2 Ammonius
    Date 343 (from: --/--/343 to: --/--/--)
    Relationship Quality support?
    Notes the emperors summon Ammonius to the council of Serdica
    Person 1 Constantius II
    Person 2 Eutropia
    Date c. 339 (from: --/--/339 to: --/--/--)
    Relationship Quality kinship
    Notes (half-)aunt
    Person 1 Flavius Iulius Constans
    Person 2 Eutropia
    Date c. 339 (from: --/--/339 to: --/--/--)
    Relationship Quality kinship
    Notes (half-)aunt
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