Exile Case

Here you will find information about an individual exile case and links which enable you to view exile locations on a map as well as visualise the relationships between people and groups using a network diagram.

Person/Group	Athanasius ( view the social network for this person / group )
Exile Date	357 - 21/2/362 (from: --/--/357 to: 21/2/362)
Sources	Gregorius of Nazianzus, oratio 21.20 Athanasius, apologia ad Constantium 29.3 Athanasius, historia Arianorum 53ff. Ammianus Marcellinus 22.5.3 Historia Acephala 4.1-4 Palladius, historia Lausiaca 63 Festal Index 28, 30, 32 (SC 317: 257-61) Sozomenus, historia ecclesiastica 5.6

Locations view exile locations

Location of exile's previous office	Alexandria [Alexandria]
Location exiled from	Alexandria [Alexandria]
Location exiled to	Aegyptus [Egypt]
Location(s) arrived at	Aegyptus [Egypt]
Date of arrival	357 (from: --/--/357 to: --/--/--)
Relationship to location	place of asylum
Type of location	region
Reason for leaving	recalled

Location(s) arrived at	Chereon [unknown]
Date of arrival	362 (from: --/--/362 to: --/--/--)
Relationship to location	unknown
Type of location	settlement
Reason for leaving	way of return

Location(s) arrived at	Hermopolis [El-Ashmunein]
Date of arrival	362 (from: --/--/362 to: --/--/--)
Relationship to location	unknown
Type of location	city
Reason for leaving	way of return

Location(s) arrived at	Antinoopolis [El Sheikh Ibada]
Date of arrival	362 (from: --/--/362 to: --/--/--)
Relationship to location	unknown
Type of location	city
Reason for leaving	way of return
Location(s) exile returned to	Chareou polis [Alexandria], Alexandria [Alexandria]
Location of office after return	Alexandria [Alexandria]
Notes	Palladas and Sozomenus say he was hidden in Alexandria by Eudaimonis for his entire exile, while festal index seems to suggest only for one year. On his return, he first went to Chareou polis, 30 km off Alexandria (the exact location is unknown).

Activities in Exile

Activities Related to Doctrine	he writes the Vita Antonii out of gratefulness that he finds shelter in monastic communities, he is able to supervise his diocese
Died in exile?	no
Reason for death
Writings in Exile	yes

Title of writing	Vita Antonii
Genre	hagiography
Extant?	yes

Title of writing	Apologia ad Constantium
Genre	apology
Extant?	yes

Title of writing	Historia Arianorum
Genre	church history
Extant?	yes

Title of writing	epistulae ad Serapionem
Genre	correspondence
Extant?	yes

Title of writing	apologia secunda
Genre	treatise
Extant?	yes

Title of writing	epistula ad episcopos Aegypti et Lybiae
Genre	correspondence
Extant?	yes

Title of writing	de morte Arii
Genre	treatise
Extant?	yes

Title of writing	de decretis
Genre	treatise
Extant?	yes

Title of writing	de sententia Dionysii
Genre	treatise
Extant?	yes

Title of writing	de synodis
Genre	treatise
Extant?	yes

Legal details

Threat only	no
Refuge from judicial proceedings	yes
Consequence of asylum	yes
Offenses exiled for/accused of	Treason
Legal type of exile	unknown
Additional punishments
Intended duration	unknown
Actual duration	five years
Notes on core legal details	he finds shelter in monastic communities that he previously supported/ordained: Gregory, Oratio 21.20
Returned?	yes
Reason for return	edict of amnesty by Julianus
Deposed by synod?	no
Synod deposed by
Returned by synod?	no
Synod returned by

Religious status, office and affiliation

Religious status before exile	clerical
Religious status during exile	??
Religious status after return	clerical
Clerical or ascetic office before exile	bishop
Clerical or ascetic office during exile
Clerical or ascetic office after return	bishop
Enforced rank change?	n/a
Religious affiliation before exile
Religious affiliation during exile
Religious affiliation after return

Died in exile?	no

Cult

Venerated as a saint?	Yes
Date	Date: Unknown
Cult site
Relics

Exile Relationships: Interactions

George of Cappadocia

Interaction Date	24/2/357 (from: 24/2/357 to: --/--/--)
Interaction Location	Alexandria [Alexandria]
Office	Bishop
Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile)	cleric
Relationship Quality	conflict
Notes

Successor in post
Yes

Constantius II

Interaction Date	357 (from: --/--/357 to: --/--/--)
Interaction Location	Alexandria [Alexandria]
Office	Emperor
Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile)	lay
Relationship Quality	conflict
Notes	Athanasius sends the apologia ad Constantium to the emperor

Responsible for exile (or exile threat)	Correspondent	Person/group appealed to
Yes	Yes (receiver of letter)	Yes

Servatius of Tongern

Interaction Date	c. 357 (from: --/--/357 to: --/--/--)
Interaction Location
Office	Bishop
Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile)	cleric
Relationship Quality	support
Notes	Apologia ad Constantium 8

Person/group appealed to
Yes

Clementius

Interaction Date	c. 357 (from: --/--/357 to: --/--/--)
Interaction Location
Office
Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile)	lay
Relationship Quality	support
Notes	Apologia ad Constantium 8

Person/group appealed to
Yes

Valens

Interaction Date	c. 357 (from: --/--/357 to: --/--/--)
Interaction Location
Office
Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile)	lay
Relationship Quality	support
Notes	Apologia ad Constantium 9

Person/group appealed to
Yes

Flavius Felicissimus

Interaction Date	c. 357 (from: --/--/357 to: --/--/--)
Interaction Location
Office
Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile)	lay
Relationship Quality	support
Notes	Apologia ad Constantium 10

Person/group appealed to
Yes

Rufinus

Interaction Date	c. 357 (from: --/--/357 to: --/--/--)
Interaction Location
Office
Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile)	lay
Relationship Quality	support
Notes	Apologia ad Constantium 10

Person/group appealed to
Yes

Stephanus

Interaction Date	c. 357 (from: --/--/357 to: --/--/--)
Interaction Location
Office
Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile)	lay
Relationship Quality	support
Notes	Apologia ad Constantium 10

Person/group appealed to
Yes

Asterius

Interaction Date	c. 357 (from: --/--/357 to: --/--/--)
Interaction Location
Office
Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile)	lay
Relationship Quality	support
Notes	Apologia ad Constantium 10

Person/group appealed to
Yes

Palladius

Interaction Date	c. 357 (from: --/--/357 to: --/--/--)
Interaction Location
Office
Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile)	lay
Relationship Quality	support
Notes	Apologia ad Constantium 10

Person/group appealed to
Yes

Antiochus

Interaction Date	c. 357 (from: --/--/357 to: --/--/--)
Interaction Location
Office
Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile)	lay
Relationship Quality	support
Notes	Apologia ad Constantium 10

Person/group appealed to
Yes

Euagrius

Interaction Date	c. 357 (from: --/--/357 to: --/--/--)
Interaction Location
Office
Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile)	lay
Relationship Quality	support
Notes	Apologia ad Constantium 10

Person/group appealed to
Yes

Eudaimonis

Interaction Date	c. 357 (from: --/--/357 to: --/--/--)
Interaction Location	Alexandria [Alexandria]
Office
Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile)	ascetic
Relationship Quality	support
Notes	This is a doubtful tradition by Palladius. Palladas and Sozomenus say he was hidden by Eudaimonis for his entire exile, while festal index seems to suggest only for one year.

Host
Yes

Monks in Egypt

Interaction Date	357 - 362 (from: --/--/357 to: --/--/362)
Interaction Location	Alexandria [Alexandria]
Office	Monk
Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile)	ascetic
Relationship Quality	support
Notes

Host
Yes

Gerontius

Interaction Date	19/2/362 (from: 19/2/362 to: --/--/--)
Interaction Location
Office	praefectus Aegypti
Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)
Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile)	lay
Relationship Quality	support
Notes	general edict of return

Responsible for return
Yes

Pythiodorus

Interaction Date	362 (from: --/--/362 to: --/--/--)
Interaction Location	Alexandria [Alexandria]
Office
Religious Affiliation (at time of relationship with exile)	pagan
Religious Status (at time of relationship with exile)	lay
Relationship Quality	support
Notes

Responsible for return
Yes

Other Relationships: Contacts of an exiled Person/Group's contacts'

Person 1	Faustinus
Person 2	Eudaimonis
Date	360 (from: --/--/360 to: --/--/--)
Relationship Quality	conflict
Notes	Faustinus tortures Eudaimonis who is suspected of hiding Athanasius. Festal Index 32.

Person 1	Artemius
Person 2	Eudaimonis
Date	360 (from: --/--/360 to: --/--/360)
Relationship Quality	conflict
Notes	Artemius tortures Eudaimonis who is suspected of hiding Athanasius. Festal Index 32.

Person 1	Faustinus
Person 2	Artemius
Date	360 (from: --/--/360 to: --/--/360)
Relationship Quality	allegiance
Notes	Faustinus and Artemius are searching for Athanasius together.

Person 1	Artemius
Person 2	Faustinus
Date	360 (from: --/--/360 to: --/--/360)
Relationship Quality	allegiance
Notes	Faustinus and Artemius are searching for Athanasius together.